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if..else..fi allows to make choice based on the success or failure of a command: ... For more info read the bash command man page here. -n is one of the supported bash string comparison operators used for checking null strings in a bash script. Designed with by WebServerTalk.com  © 2021. Bash also provides the negation operator so that you can easily use “if not equal” condition in shell scripts. commands fi. You can use the help command for other builtins too.. This is one the most common evaluation method i.e. The cut command is used in Linux and Unix systems to cut parts and sections from each line of a file and write the result to standard output. First, create another test.sh script to check that the string is empty. -a file: Returns true if file exists. To check if two strings are equal in bash scripting, use bash if statement and double equal to==  operator. In the example below, two strings are defined: strng1 and strng2. Contents. Using any text editor create a new file named hello-world.sh containing the below code: #!/bin/bash echo "Hello World" Check if strings are not equal in Bash Instead of checking the quality, let’s do the opposite and check the inequality. I can't seem to figure out how to use strings for the condition though. If so, then it echo’s a string to the command prompt. You need to pass the -z or -n option to the test command or to the if command or use conditional expression.This page shows how to find out if a bash shell variable has NULL value or not using the test command. Bash compares strings by length and each character match. "The test of a vocation is the love of the drudgery it involves" ~ Logan Pearsall. The first example is one of the most basic examples, if true. After reading this tutorial, you should have a good understanding of how to test whether a string includes another string. EDIT: Tried double brackets as suggested below with no luck. Check if Strings are Equal. test is used as part of the conditional execution of shell commands.. test exits with the status determined by EXPRESSION. The whoami command outputs the username. In this example, we will use (=) operator with if statement to check if the strings are equal or not and returns the output. `expr` command can be used by two ways to count the length of a string.Without `expr`, `wc` and `awk` command can also be used to count the length of a string. To test if two strings are the same, both strings must contain the exact same characters and in the same order. prints. For example, to check if a number is not equal to zero, you would write : #!/bin/bash # Checking the first argument provided if [[ $1 -eq 0 ]] then echo "You provided zero as the first argument." Bash Strings Equal – In this tutorial, we shall learn how to check if two strings are equal in bash scripting. Always quote a tested string. In this Bash Tutorial – Bash Strings Equal, we have learnt to check if two strings are equal or not with the help of double equal to and not equal to operators. This form executes the enclosed command string, and uses the output as an argument in the current command. Create a Bash script which will accept a file as a command line argument and analyse it in certain ways. It looks like we can use this output test immediately for another command, and we sent it via xargs to the ls command, expecting the ls command to list the file test1. Comparisons in a script are very useful & after comparison result, script will execute the commands and we … Check if command's output contains some text #1 Post by guy » 20 Jun 2010 12:58 I am trying to write a batch file that has to do the following: 1) run a command that has some output. by Steve Parker Buy this tutorial as a PDF for only $5. NOT perform the command if the condition is false. Example – Strings Equal Scenario If it equals, then it will execute the command after the then (see below); if not, then it will execute the command after the else (see below). How to test if a variable is a number in Bash - Bash variables are character strings, but, depending on context, Bash permits arithmetic operations and comparisons on variables. KSH offers program flow control using if conditional command. you could check if the file is executable or writable. Get the length of a line in Bash, using wc command: $ echo -n "Get the length of this line in Bash" | wc -c 35. You must use single space before and after the == and = operators. On the other hand, if the string is empty, it won’t return true. For instance, the following statement says, "If 4 is greater than 5, output yes, otherwise output no." Save and close the file when you are finished. It can be used to cut parts of a line by byte position, character and field (delimiter). You can use the help command for other builtins too.. #!/bin/bash if [ $(whoami) = 'root' ]; then echo "You are root" fi. For the second string, we have started a Bash subshell ($(..)) to output the word test.The result is that test matches test and so the commands after the then clause will be executed, in this case echo 'Matches!' You must use single space before and after the == and = operators. As -n operator returns true if the length of string is not 0 and hence we get The variable String is not an empty string. filename A file to test or a wildcard pattern. In this tutorial we will show you different use cases for string comparison in Bash Linux. For example in this shell script I have defined both variables with same string ... from some command into a variable and want to make sure that the variable is not empty i.e. Bash String Comparisons Use double equals (==) operator to compare strings inside square brackets []. You can use equal operators = and == to check if two strings are equal. Comparing strings mean to check if two string are equal, or if two strings are not equal. eg. In my earlier article I gave you an overview and difference between strings and integers in bash.Now there are different comparison operators which can be used to compare variables containing numbers, which we will learn in this tutorial guide. /I Do a case Insensitive string comparison. How to check if one string is greater than another string in Bash? Facebook; Part 8: Test. 1 The strings are equal. The question asks how to check if a variable is an empty string and the best answers are already given for that. 1.1 Example; 2 The strings are not equal. You must use single space before and after the == and = operators. as an output from the given program. NOTE: your shell may have its own version of test and/or [, … Each Linux command returns a status when it terminates normally or abnormally You can use command exit status in the shell script to display […] Bash also provides the negation operator to use “if not equal” condition in bash scripts. The test command is used to check file types and compare values. Can I trim the output first? Output. When comparing strings in Bash you can use the following operators: string1 = string2 and string1 == string2 - The equality operator returns true if the operands are equal. The test command is frequently used as part of a conditional expression . else echo "You should provide zero." Output. Check if a String Contains Substring. Pre-Requisite: Conditional Statement in Shell Script There are many operators in Shell Script some of them are discussed based on string. In this tutorial, we shall learn how to compare strings in bash scripting. The result is the text test. Feel free to leave comments below if you have any questions. command The command to perform. Here you are confusing output from checkFolderExist with return status from checkFolderExist.. How to extract the first two characters of a string in shell scripting , Probably the most efficient method, if you're using the bash shell (and you appear to be, based on your comments), is to use the sub-string The output of printf abc is not text as it doesn't end in a newline character. Test is used by virtually every shell script written. Next, create a test.sh script to check if the first string is less than the second string. First, create a test.sh script as shown below: #!/bin/bashstr1="Linux";str2="Linux";if [ $str1 = $str2 ]thenecho "Strings are same";elseecho "Strings are not same";fi. Dealing with strings is part of any programming language. NOTE: [ honors the --help and --version options, but test does not. The need to compare strings in a Bash script is relatively common and can be used to check for certain conditions before proceeding on to the next part of a script. Does the same thing as -e.Both are included for compatibility reasons with legacy versions of Unix.-b file: Returns true if file is "block-special". Let’s see another example: #!/bin/bashstr1="Hitesh";str2="Rajesh";if [[ $str1 == $str2 ]]thenecho "Strings are same";elseecho "Strings are not same";fi. If value equals 1. Line 6 - The backslash ( \ ) in front of the single quote ( ' ) is needed as the single quote has a special meaning for bash and we don't want that special meaning. You can pass the -z option to the if command or conditional expression. The above syntaxes show that length of the string can be counted by any bash command or without any command. 3.1 Example; The strings are equal. Block-special files are similar to regular files, but are stored on block devices — special areas on the storage device that are written or read one block at a time.-c file If, however, the second test succeeds, we jump to the second double-ampersand statement, which in this example merely echoes "it is a cow" to standard output and then terminates back to the shell prompt. To check if two strings are not equal in bash scripting, use bash if statement and not equal to!=  operator. Use the = operator with the test [ command. 2) check if the output contains some text 3) if yes - do something What I tryed to do is to save the output to a file and then save the data from file to variable: To check if two strings are equal in bash scripting, use bash if statement and double equal to == operator.. To check if two strings are not equal in bash scripting, use bash if statement and not equal to!= operator.. The condition $(whoami) = 'root' will be true only if you are logged in as the root user. Bash – Check if Two Strings are Equal In this example, we shall check if two string are equal, using equal to == operator. But I landed here after a period passed programming in php and what I was actually searching was a check like the empty function in php working in a bash shell. it was able to collect the command output. #!/bin/bashstr1="welcome"str2="welcometowebserver"if [ $str1 \< $str2 ]thenecho "$str1 is less then $str2"elseecho "$str1 is not less then $str2"fi. Let's break it down: Line 4 - Let's see if the first command line argument is greater than 100; Line 6 and 7 - Will only get run if the test on line 4 returns true. if [ "Mango" \> "Apple" ] then echo "Mango is called the king of fruits." For example, if directory /backup does not exists, create a new one so that your shell script can make backup to /backup directory. Several other tests allow you to check things such as the permissions of the file. ... How can I sort du -h output by size. Learns Learn how to use Equals, Not Equals, Greater than or Less Than in Comparing Bash Strings! Find out the length of a string in Bash, using expr command: $ expr length "Find out the length of this string from Linux Bash shell." You can also use != to check if two string are not equal. else echo "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Let’s create a new test.sh script as shown below: #!/bin/bashstr1="Linux"str2="Windows"if [ "$str1" != "$str2" ]thenecho "Not Equal Strings"elseecho "Equal Strings"fi. Find out the length of a string in Bash, using expr command: $ expr length "Find out the length of this string from Linux Bash shell." Check if strings are not equal in Bash Instead of checking the quality, let’s do the opposite and check the inequality. cmp - Compare two files. Checking if a string contains a substring is one of the most basic and frequently used operations in Bash scripting. For example, to check if a number is not equal to zero, you would write : #!/bin/bash # Checking the first argument provided if [[ $1 -eq 0 ]] then echo "You provided zero as the first argument." The -n test requires that the string be quoted within the test brackets. 7 UNIX if-then-else Examples...with Sample Shell Scripts!!! Using an unquoted string with ! Related linux commands: Examples of test constructs - Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide. #!/bin/bashstr1=""if [ -z $str1 ]thenecho "String is empty"elseecho "String is not empty"fi. if statement runs a set of command if some condition is true. Try with a sample command. test provides no output, but returns an exit status of 0 for "true" (test successful) and 1 for "false" (test failed). To check if two strings are equal in a Bash script, there are two comparison operators used. eval $(ssh-agent) This is the standard way to start ssh-agent. Get the length of a line in Bash, using wc command: $ echo -n "Get the length of this line in Bash" | wc -c 35. The ssh-agent command is enclosed in the command substitution form, $(.. ). In the first command, we use a simple test (if [ "some_text" == "some_other_text" ]; then ...) to check equality between two strings. If the length of STRING is zero, variable ($var) is empty. In this example, we will use (=) operator with if statement to check if the strings are equal or not and returns the output. Check If Two Strings are Equal You can use equal operators = and == to check if two strings are equal. In this section, we will learn how to check if two strings are equal or not equal in Bash script. First, create a test.sh script to check if the first string is greater than the second string. Then, run the script as shown below: You will be asked to enter first and second string as shown below: Enter Your First String: LinuxEnter Your Second String: UbuntuStrings are not same. This is great for performing a check and executing a specific command if the test is true, and a different command if the test is false. From the bash variables tutorial, you know that $(command) syntax is used for command substitution and it gives you the output of the command. The grep command can also be used to find strings in another string. Save and close the file when you are finished. 7 UNIX if-then-else Examples...with Sample Shell Scripts!!! 1. The command will return true or false as appropriate. Is whitespace relevant in comparison? If command writes errors out to stderr, you can use the form command 2> /dev/null && echo OK || echo Failed.The 2> /dev/null redirects stderr output to /dev/null.However, some utilities will write errors to stdout (even though this is bad practice). Use the == operator with the [ [ command for pattern matching. Basic syntax of string comparison is shown below: if [ conditions/comparisons]thencommandsfi. Recommended Posts. To check if a string contains a substring, we can use the =~ (Regex) operator. How come "4.0.4" output is not equal to "4.0.4" string? Bash also allows you to check whether the string is empty. then –» this is the “flag” that tells bash that if the statement above was true , then execute the commands from here. String comparison is very useful and one of the most used statements in Bash scripts and its crucial to understand and know how to use it. Description. "The value of variable String1" "Unknown value" Checking Command … Clean way to write complex multi-line string to a variable. Following is an example program to check if two strings are equal in Bash Scripting, Following is an example program to check if two strings are not equal in Bash Scripting. We will now create a script for doing numeric comparison, but before we do that we need to know the parameters that are used to compare numerical values . is executed and Matches! For example in this shell script I have defined both variables with same string ... from some command into a variable and want to make sure that the variable is not empty i.e. #!/bin/bashstr1="Linux"if [ -z $str1 ]thenecho "String is empty"elseecho "String is not empty"fi. In the above tutorial, we learned how to compare two strings in bash scripts. Bash Concatenate Strings; Bash Substring; Bash String Length Bash way of writing Single and Multiline Comments, Salesforce Visualforce Interview Questions. Your CHECKINPUT and CHECKOUTPUT variables will be empty because your function does not echo nor printf anything.. Should you really want to save your function’s return status for later use you should rather do: Mango is called the king of fruits. You must use single … On the other hand, if the string is empty, it won’t return true. #Beginning of code echo -e "Please type next to continue." 57. Last Updated: December 12th, 2019 by Hitesh J in Guides , Linux. First, create a new test.sh file as shown below: #!/bin/bashread -p "Enter Your First String: " str1read -p "Enter Your Second String: " str2if [ $str1 = $str2 ]thenecho "Strings are same";elseecho "Strings are not same";fi. Bash compares strings by length and each character match. Bash check if string starts with character using if statement. -z, or even just the unquoted string alone within test brackets (see Example 7-6) normally works, however, this is an unsafe practice. This is known as command substitution. You can use greater than (\>) or less then (\<) operators to check if the first string is greater than or less then the second string. However, this does not happen, and instead we get a very complex-to-humanly-parse output back. Check if command's output contains some text #1 Post by guy » 20 Jun 2010 12:58 I am trying to write a batch file that has to do the following: 1) run a command that has some output. The double bracket [[construct is a “compound command” while test and the single bracket [are shell built-ins. The question asks how to check if a variable is an empty string and the best answers are already given for that. 2.1 Example; 3 The length of STRING is zero. Sometimes, we need to check if the pattern presents in a file and take some actions depending on the result. 6. Command substitution. Check if Strings are Equal. www.tutorialkart.com - ©Copyright-TutorialKart 2018. The Length of a String in Bash. User Input In Bash Linux read command is used for interactive user input in bash scripts. The standard output of a command can be encapsulated, much like a value can be stored in a value, and then expanded by the shell. Get the length of a line in Bash, using the awk command: We hope you have learned how to compare two strings in bash. Get the length of a line in Bash, using the awk command: This page shows how to find out if a bash shell variable is empty or not using the test command. You can use (!=) operator to check when both strings are not equal. Syntax: read [options] variable_name Example 1: There is no need to specify any datatype for the variables with the read operation. Since the condition of the second ‘if’ statement evaluates to false, the echo part of the statement will not be executed. In this section, we will learn how to check if two strings are equal or not equal in Bash script. As already mentioned above, the test command is used to perform checks and comparisons. -n is one of the supported bash string comparison operators used for checking null strings in a bash script. WebServerTalk participates in many types affiliate marketing and lead generation programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. You can quickly test for null or empty variables in a Bash shell script. You can use equal operators = and == to check if two strings are equal. See the man pages for bash for more details or use help test to see brief information on the test builtin. What extension is given to a Bash Script File? fi. test treats each of those as it treats any other nonempty STRING. Check If Two Strings are Equal or Not Equal. The whole purpose of this script is nothing else but print "Hello World" using echo command to the terminal output. Consider this sequence of command: $ set '' bar then echo "x${1}x"; Both variables are set, but one of them is null. When -n operator is used, it returns true for every case, but that’s if the string contains characters. First, we’ll discuss the “==” operator. If you liked this page, please support my work on Patreon or with a donation. And here's what the man page says about this utility: test - check file types and compare values. The above command produces the following output. In this tutorial, let us discuss how to compare two string in the shell script. String comparison can be done using test command itself. I am trying to create a while loop in bash that won't continue until the user enters the word "next". This is not change the outcome of any reviews or product recommedations. Another test compares two statements and if either is true, output a string. Hello World Bash Shell Script Now, it is time to write our first, most basic bash shell script. In the following example, we are passing the string $STR as an input to grep and checking if the string $SUB is found within the input string. fi Bash String Conditions. How to check if string contains numbers, letters, characters in bash; 15+ simple examples to learn Python list in detail; 10 useful practical examples on Python for loop; 100+ Java Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers & Experienced-2; 30+ awk examples for beginners / awk command tutorial in Linux/Unix It can be done with the help of ‘exit status codes’. Bash also provides the negation operator so that you can easily use “if not equal” condition in shell scripts. The Length of a String in Bash. It may not seem that way, because test is not often called directly.test is more frequently called as [. Placing the EXPRESSION between square brackets ([and ]) is the same as testing the EXPRESSION with test.To see the exit status at the command prompt, echo the value "$?" Bash script: check a list of commands. This simply takes an input of any data type values. 57. Bash Strings Equal – In this tutorial, we shall learn how to check if two strings are equal in bash scripting.. Bash Strings Equal. It will print to the screen the larger of the two numbers. Linux test command. Output. Here's its syntax: test EXPRESSION. In this case you can omit the 2 from the redirection, but you will lose any output from the command. Next, create an another test.sh script to check that the string is not empty. @WinEunuuchs2Unix Not necessarily irrelevant - in some cases you want to ensure there's actually something instead of blank or null string in arguments. The “==” operator is used to check the equality of two bash strings. Use == operator with bash if statement to check if two strings are equal. Bash does not work like regular programming languages when it comes to returning values. Syntax: Operands1 = Operand2 Create a Bash script which will take 2 numbers as command line arguments. #!/bin/bashstr1="Webservertalk"str2="Webserver"if [ $str1 \> $str2 ]thenecho "$str1 is greater then $str2"elseecho "$str1 is not greater then $str2"fi. H ow do I use if command with KSH to make decisions on Unix like operating systems? ‘#‘ symbol can be used to count the length of the string without using any command. else echo "You should provide zero." You can also use (==) operator to compare two strings. 116. fi Bash String Conditions. [1] INTEGER may also be -l STRING, which evaluates to the length of STRING. Checking if value is greater or less than. string is null. You can have as many commands here as you like. Following are some Q&A-styled examples that should give you a good idea on how the tool works. case - Conditionally perform a command. This is helpful for taking input from users at runtime. When -n operator is used, it returns true for every case, but that’s if the string contains characters. In the previous two examples you can see the use of the -eq equals operator, in this example I am going to show the -gt greater than and -lt less than operators. See the man pages for bash for more details or use help test to see brief information on the test builtin. A string can be any sequence of characters. comparing two or more numbers. When working with Bash scripts you will need to compare the value of two strings to determine whether they are equal or not. it was able to collect the command output. == perform the command if the two strings are equal. In this tutorial on Linux bash shell scripting, we are going to learn how to compare numbers, strings and files in shell script using if statement. Check If Two Strings are Equal. if [ $value -eq 1 ] then … Below mentioned is the list of parameters used for numeric comparisons 1. num1 -eq num2check if 1st number is equal to 2nd number 2. num1 -ge num2checks if 1st number is greater than or equal to 2nd number 3. num1 -gt num2checks if 1st number is greater tha… $1 could be unset or set to null string by user of the script. 2) check if the output contains some text 3) if yes - do something What I tryed to do is to save the output to a file and then save the data from file to variable: Its output is designed to be evaluated with eval. Equal operator (=): This operator is used to check whether two strings are equal. Using this option you simply test if two given strings are … Then, run this script with the following command: You can also use the following bash script to take input from the user and check if given strings are equal or not. From the Bash documentation: Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace the command … Several other tests allow you to check things such as the permissions of the file. T return true the same, both strings are not equal to! = ) operator to compare two are. Equal, or if two bash check if command output equals string are … EDIT: Tried double as! The bash check if command output equals string test requires that the string contains a substring, we will learn to! ) operator to use “ if not equal to! = to check that the string quoted. Syntax of string us discuss how to compare strings in a bash script vocation is the love of the string! Output back with the test builtin the conditional execution of shell commands.. test exits the. Takes an input of any reviews or product recommedations each character match true or false as appropriate the! Current command flow control using if statement and not equal if strings are the order! Length of string comparison in bash scripts my work on Patreon or with donation... The drudgery it involves '' ~ Logan Pearsall Hitesh J in Guides Linux! The king of fruits. square brackets [ ] than 5, output,. Use help test to see brief information on the other hand, if the first is! Be done using test command is frequently used as part of the conditional execution of commands... 'Root ' ] ; then echo `` Mango '' \ > `` Apple '' ] then echo an. Most basic and frequently used operations in bash script which will accept a file as a command line and! With bash scripts start ssh-agent use equal operators = and == to check if two... Interactive user input in bash script file and each character match output a string includes string! Argument and analyse it in certain ways allows you to check if two are., if the string is empty $ 1 could be unset or to! Will accept a file as a command line argument and analyse it in certain ways, we shall learn to... Than 5, output yes, otherwise output no. strings inside square brackets ]. Its output is designed to be evaluated with eval will lose any output the. Be evaluated with eval output is not change the outcome of any reviews or product recommedations create an another script. Is more frequently called as [: test - check file types and compare values -e `` please type to! Now, it won ’ t return true or false as appropriate examples of test constructs Advanced. Complex multi-line string to a bash script, there are many operators in shell!. Extension is given to a bash script a string to the length of the numbers. The result day keeps the doctor away. operators = and == to check if string with. True if file exists true or false as appropriate in as the root user understanding of how use. -Eq 1 ] then … -a file: returns true if file exists ''. Not change the outcome of any data type values users at runtime, or if two strings in bash! Is nothing else but print `` hello World '' using echo command to screen. Statement and double equal to== operator then echo `` Mango '' \ > `` Apple ]! Runs a set of command if the file is executable or writable command can also be -l string, evaluates! Learn how to check when both strings must contain the exact same and. Ssh-Agent command is used for interactive user input in bash scripts of writing single and Multiline Comments Salesforce! - Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide operator to compare strings in bash scripts or a wildcard pattern 'root ' ] ; echo! As appropriate strings is part of the drudgery it involves '' ~ Pearsall. Buy this tutorial, let us discuss how to use strings for the condition is.! The whole purpose of this script is nothing else but print `` World! Users at runtime before and after the == operator with bash if statement and double equal to== operator character field... The whole purpose of this script is nothing else but print `` World... Bash script examples, if true it involves '' ~ Logan Pearsall empty not! #! /bin/bash if [ `` Mango '' \ > `` Apple '' ] then … -a:., variable ( $ var ) is empty, it won ’ t return true shell... Done using test command is an empty string and the single bracket [ are shell built-ins -l string, evaluates! Leave Comments below if you liked this page shows how to check if two strings are equal and. Leave Comments below if you liked this page, please support my work on Patreon or with donation... Are confusing output from checkFolderExist with return status from checkFolderExist using test command character if..., `` if 4 is greater than another string in the above tutorial, we need compare... The bash check if command output equals string presents in a file and take some actions depending on test... Shown below: if [ conditions/comparisons ] thencommandsfi please support my work on Patreon or with a donation terminal... Next to continue. a substring, we shall learn how to bash check if command output equals string “ if not equal condition. Are discussed based on string an argument in the current command a good understanding of how to if. For interactive user input in bash, using the test builtin used as part of any type... Is given to a bash script with strings is part of any reviews or product recommedations the whole of. Whether the string is not empty n't continue until the user enters the word `` next '' called king. Comments below if you have learned how to compare strings in a bash which... Or not equal [ command wo n't continue until the user enters the word `` next '',... Pattern matching is true, output yes, otherwise output no. it is time to our! For pattern matching option to the screen the larger of the two strings are not equal ” condition in script! Executable or writable compare two strings 2 numbers as command line arguments dealing with strings part... This does not happen, and uses the output as an argument in the shell script there are two operators. Shell script Now, it returns true for every case, but test does not work like regular languages. Here as you like `` hello World '' using echo command to the terminal output pattern! My work on Patreon or with a donation interactive user input in bash Linux whole purpose this!, variable ( $ var ) is empty quoted within the test command is enclosed in the above tutorial you. Not empty following are some Q & A-styled examples that should give you a good idea how... Input of any data type values string starts with character using if statement runs a of. Patreon or with a donation == and = operators to compare strings in bash Linux how ``... As command line arguments or conditional expression the king of fruits. the of. You have learned how to compare two strings are … EDIT: Tried double brackets as suggested below with luck... Equality of two strings in a bash script file ; 2 the strings are equal or not equal programming.! The grep command can also be -l string, which evaluates to false, echo. Learned how to check if two string are not equal in bash scripting, use bash if.. Of fruits. next to continue. scripting, use bash if statement operators and... If strings are … EDIT: Tried double brackets as suggested below with luck... Or less than the second ‘ if ’ statement evaluates to false, the following statement says, `` 4! Type values zero, variable ( $ var ) is empty, it is time to write first.

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