Reproductive factors and breast cancer. Then the cells were washed twice with cold phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and resuspended in 1 ml of PBS at a concentration of 1×106 cells/ml. In a further major study, Jaakola et al. Dudonne S, Vitrac X, Coutiere P, Woillez M, Mérillon J-M. The pharmaceutical activity of herbs is correlated to their content of phytochemicals. In order to identify the compounds responsible for the anti-cancer effects, further studies on the isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds from S. crispa are required. Strobilanthes species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaracus, which has been recorded on S. callosa. Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Karimi E, Jaafar HZ, Ghasemzadeh A, Ibrahim MH. Qader SW, Abdulla MA, Chua LS, Najim N, Zain MM, Hamdan S. Antioxidant, total phenolic content and cytotoxicity evaluation of selected Malaysian plants. The antioxidant properties of S. crispus leaves extracts from three different location of Malaysia were determined using two different methods namely DPPH and FRAP assays. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity was observed in the aqueous extract of S. crispus leaves from Kelantan (73.8 %) followed by Selangor (62.4 %) and Penang (54.6 %), with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 44.1, 58.2, and 78.3 μg/mL, respectively compared to BHT (37.5 μg/mL) and α-tocopherol (26.4 μg/mL), (Fig. Anticancer Res. Undergraduate (S1) thesis, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of S. crispus leaves, extracted with different solvents and collected from three different locations. 2D). A total of four organic solvent extracts of the leaves and stems were prepared individually. In conclusion, the SH extract of S. crispa possesses potent anticancer properties and may be a suitable chemotherapeutic target. The research is an laboratory experimental. A wide variety of iran dried pink rose buds options are available to you, such as variety, specialty, and processing type. 2010;88(2):319–26. Ghasemzadeh, A., Jaafar, H.Z. Cancer Res. Strobilanthes crispus is used widely in the herbal and traditional medicinal preparations in this part of the world, especially among the Indonesians and the Malays. The present study was supported by the International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [grant no. 2: Springer. CAS Saiin C, Rattanajak R, Kamchonwongpaisan S, Ingkaninan K, Sukontason K, Baramee A, Sirithunyalug B. In Malaysia, it is known as pecahkaca or jinbatu (17). The extracts contained substantial amounts of effective phenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, quercetin, rutin, and catechin, which can inhibit the growth of HeLa cancer cells. [49], found that the production of flavonoid compounds in bilberry leaves was enhanced by increasing light intensity. The botanical identity of S. crispa was determined and authenticated by a taxonomist from the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; sample no. [8] reported that aqueous extract (800 μg/mL) of S.crispus leaves exhibited 17.46 % scavenging activity. Cookies policy. IC50 and SI values of extracts of Strobilanthes crispa on HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Food Chem. Natural products serve as a valuable source that offer cytotoxic properties, and have gained significant recognition for their role in the management of cancer. WHO traditional medicine strategy 2002–2005. $$ \%\kern0.5em \mathrm{inhibition}=\left[\left({\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{control}}\hbox{--} {\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{sample}}\right)/{\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{control}}\right)\Big]\times 100 $$, $$ \mathrm{Viability}\kern0.1em \left(\%\right)=100-\left(\mathrm{optical}\kern0.1em \mathrm{density}\kern0.1em \mathrm{of}\kern0.1em \mathrm{sample}/\mathrm{optical}\kern0.1em \mathrm{density}\kern0.1em \mathrm{of}\kern0.1em \mathrm{control}\right)\times 100 $$, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3. Preventive impact of alkaloids with anti-cancer effect extracted from natural herb and the derivatives. 2012;2(12):948-952. In general, therefore, it appears that the potent antioxidant and anticancer activity of S. crispus grown in the North-east of Malaysia may be attributed to the high level of phytochemicals. A 3-(4,5 -dimethylthiazol -2-yl) -2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of S. crispa Lu JJ, Bao JL, Chen XP, Huang M, Wang YT. It is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Effects of Strobilanthes crispus tea aqueous extracts on glucose and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats. Oxidative stress is considered to be substantial, if not crucial, in the initiation and development of many current conditions and diseases, including: inflammation, autoimmune diseases, cataract, cancer, Parkinson’s disease, arteriosclerosis and aging [2, 10]. Alternative medicine not only improves the efficacy of conventional medicines, it reduces the side effects of chemotherapy (15) and strengthens the immune system to fight against cancer (16). Strobilanthes crispaBlume is a plant native to countries including Madagascar and Indonesia. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). This plant loves a sheltered location to grow where it will be warm and humid most of the time. Aqueous extract of S. crispus leaves collected from Kelantan exhibited the highest values: TPC [12.62 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry matter (DM)], TFC (7.44 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DM), TSC (44.7 mg diosgenin equivalents (DE)/g DM), DPPH (73.8 %), and FRAP (267.5 μM of Fe (II)/g) activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 44.1 μg/mL compared to the extracts of leaves collected from the other two locations. Therefore, recent research has been focused on identifying alternative therapeutic agents extracted from plant-based sources in order to develop novel treatment options for cancer. 2014. Wojdyło A, Oszmiański J, Czemerys R. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs. However, MDA-MB-231 cells responded to SH in a dose-dependent manner. Strobilanthes crispa Blume; Strobilanthes crispa Blume is an unresolved name . 2006;2(2):152–8. HepG-2, MDA-MB-231 and NRK-52E cells were seeded at a density of 1×105 cells/ml into a 96-well plate and treated with varying concentrations of S. crispa extracts (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml) including LH, LC, LEA, LM, LW, SH, SC, SEA, SM and SW for 72 h at 37°C. Isolation and in vitro antimalarial activity of hexane extract from Thai Picrasma javanica B1 stembark. The anti-proliferative properties of stem hexane (SH) extract on both cell lines were analysed using cell doubling time determination and cell cycle analysis, while the apoptogenic properties was determined through the detection of caspase-8. The cells were maintained by sub-culturing in 25 cm2 tissue culture flasks. Differences in environmental factors, including soil composition and temperature may influence the production of the bioactive compounds in the plants (31). However, vacuolation of cells was noted in the treated cells (Fig. Thus, the reduction in MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation was independent of cell cycle progression and may be attributed to other mechanisms. Wonders KY, Reigle BS. Complications of chemotherapy for prostate cancer. Strobilanthes crispus is a well-known herb in Malaysia with various pharmaceutical properties. 1) in a filter funnel, followed by evaporation under reduced pressure in an Eyela rotary evaporator to remove excess water (crude extract weight was 9.14 g). In fact, a study by Chinkwo et al (30) reported that the bioactivity of extracts from the medicinal plant Sutherlandia frutescens that was collected from different areas varied so much that only plants grown in a specific province exhibited a chemotherapeutic effect. The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of S. crispa on CNE-1 NPC cells. Family :- Acanthaceae. In response to cellular stress, the initiator caspases (caspase-2, −8, −9 and −10) cleave and activate the effector caspases (caspase-3, −6 and −7); in turn the effector caspases execute the apoptotic process (54). Strobilanthes anisophylla or Goldfussia is an evergreen, erect, bushy shrub with lance-shaped, purplish foliage and long, tubular, lavender flowers that open to a bell-shaped mouth on long, brittle, cane-like stems. Hengartner MO. The cells were then transferred into an Eppendorf tube. Penerbitan Directorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan. Aust J Bot. Burkill I, Birtwistle W, Foxworthy F, Scrivenor J, Watson J. The aqueous rather than the ethanolic extraction method was chosen for profiling of phenolic acids and flavonoids in order to maximize the TPC, TFC, TSC, and antioxidant activity. However, the anti-cancer effect of SH was independent of cell cycle and caspase-8 activation in MDA-MB-231 cells. 2000;78(3):429–41. The levels of secondary metabolites and the pharmaceutical quality of S. crispus leaves decreased in the leaves from the North-east (Kelantan) to North (Penang) of Malaysia in the following order: Kelantan>Selangor>Penang. Biological name:- Strobilanthes crispa. Lu J, Papp LV, Fang J, Rodriguez-Nieto S, Zhivotovsky B, Holmgren A. Inhibition of mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity. Fresco P, Borges F, Diniz C, Marques M. New insights on the anticancer properties of dietary polyphenols. In conclusion, S. crispa extracts were revealed to exert strong anti-cancer effects on liver and breast carcinoma cells. Effect of S. crispa stem hexane extract on cell cycle progression of HepG-2 cells. The selectivity index (SI) in the present study was calculated from the IC50 of the extracts in normal rat kidney cells (NRK-52E) vs. cancer cells. Strobilanthes crispa is an erect herb, which can grow up to 100 cm tall. Thus, drug modification to increase the selectively of SH to cancer cells may be an ideal option to further improve its anticancer potency and limit the side effects. 2009;5(3):200–7. About 0% of these are Slimming Tea, 0% are Flavor Tea. Extracts of leaves (200 μL) were diluted in 20 mL of distilled water. & Rahmat, A. Phytochemical constituents and biological activities of different extracts of Strobilanthes crispus (L.) Bremek leaves grown in different locations of Malaysia. Untreated and treated cells were then observed under an inverted microscope (Nikon Eclipse TS100; Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and images were captured with the attached camera. Strobilanthes crispus is traditionally used as a folklore medicinal plant in Malaysia and Indonesia as an antidiabetic, diuretic, or antilithic agent as well as a laxative to treat constipation [ 3 ]. Int J Mol Sci. Zhang Y, Seeram NP, Lee R, Feng L, Heber D. Isolation and identification of strawberry phenolics with antioxidant and human cancer cell antiproliferative properties. Coumaric acid is the initial precursor molecule involved in the synthesis of phenolic components in plants [50]. Several studies reported a significant correlation between the antioxidant activity of herbs and the phytochemical content [19, 22, 31, 32]. In fact, the extracts promoted the growth of cancer cells, when compared with the untreated control (Fig. J Nutr Biochem. The cell cycle analysis demonstrated that HepG-2 cells were arrested at the G0/G1 phase, indicating that SH inhibited liver cancer cell growth through cell cycle modulation. Effect of latitude on flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between IC50 value of different location was observed. Effect of S. crispa stem hexane extract on cell cycle progression of MDA-MB-231 cells. Cells were treated with two different concentrations of stems hexane extract (38.8 and 77.6 µg/ml for HepG-2 cells; 42.5 and 85 µg/ml for MDA-MB-231 cells) for 72 h, and the number of cells was counted to determine the cell doubling time. Sunilson AJ, Rejitha G, Anandarajagopal K, Das A, Muthappan M, Promwichit P. Cytotoxic effect of Cayratia carnosa leaves on human breast cancer cell lines. It is a member of the family Acanthaceae. Strobilanthes crispus is traditionally used as a folklore medicinal plant in Malaysia and Indonesia as an antidiabetic, diuretic, or antilithic agent as well as a laxative to treat constipation [3]. Landmark CJ, Johannessen SI. All authors reviewed and approved the final version. Cancer statistics, 2007. A standard curve was prepared using various concentrations of FeSO4 × 7H2O. Results were expressed as milligram gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g DM. CAS The characteristics and therapeutic effects of natural bioactive compounds, especially from plant sources including spices, have been extensively investigated. 1). The linearity was established by the coefficient of determination (R2). Huggins DJ, Sherman W, Tidor B. The authors are grateful to the Research Management Centre of University Putra Malaysia for financing this work. Dried leaves (50 g) were grounded into powder followed by extraction with distilled water (1 L). Strobilanthes crispa Blume is a plant native to countries including Madagascar and Indonesia. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation following 3 independent experiments. Evid base Compl Alternative Med. It is also commonly consumed in the form of herbal tea. SH treatment at the IC50 caused a 2.5-fold delay in cell proliferation while twice the IC50 of SH delayed cell doubling by 3.4-fold. HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells were also treated with 5-flurouracil (5-Fu; Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), the positive control of the experiment, at the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml for 72 h at 37°C. Apoptosis in cancer: From pathogenesis to treatment. A 3â(4,5âdimethylthiazolâ2âyl)â2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to Herbs may contain saponins, which are important phytochemicals with a wide range of medicinal properties, including anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities [24]. Comparing of the cytotoxicity properties and mechanism of Lawsonia inermis and Strobilanthes crispus extract against several cancer cell lines. Similar to TPC, compared to ethanol extraction, aqueous extraction enhanced the level of TFC by about 57 % (Penang), 73.1 % (Selangor), and 59.6 % (Kelantan). Ismail M, Manickam E, Danial AM, Rahmat A, Yahaya A. HCC is primarily caused by chronic viral hepatitis B or C infection, iron overload, aflotoxin exposure, obesity, alcohol-associated cirrhosis and possibly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (3,4). Among the extracts tested, the hexane extract from the stem of S. crispa demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic effect with the lowest IC50 values in the current study. The tubes were centrifuged at 3000 g for 10 min at room temperature and the supernatants were collected in 25 ml volumetric flasks. The dried plant materials (10 g) were mixed with 500 ml distilled water and kept at 60°C for 3 h. The resulting suspensions were then filtered and followed by freeze drying. Google Scholar. The TSC increased by about 16.4 % (Penang), 13.15 % (Selangor), and 15.2 % (Kelantan) when an aqueous solvent was used rather than ethanol. 2006;19(1):1–10. Effect of different light intensities on total phenolics and flavonoids synthesis and anti-oxidant activities in young ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Sains Malaysiana. 2007;101(1):410–8. 1). The leaves are at some coffee shops sold as ⦠The height above sea level and light intensity differs between these three sampling locations (Table 1). It is known as pokok pecah kaca or pokok pecah beling in Malaysia, and pecah beling, enyoh kilo, kecibeling or kejibeling in Indonesia. Muslim N, Ng K, Itam A, Nassar Z, Ismail Z, Majid A. Elmore S. Apoptosis: A review of programmed cell death. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3. Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals. Blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity by quercetin and luteolin leads to growth inhibition and apoptosis of pancreatic tumor cells. 2007;55(4):1139–43. This name is unresolved.. Kawasaki Y, Freire E. Finding a better path to drug selectivity. Wang SY, Chen C-T, Wang CY. However, cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of S. crispus is still unclear. Cheng CL. PubMed Google Scholar. This is best drugs alternative. P-values were determined using the t-test in which the stem hexane-treated group was compared with the control group. Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data. For example, the isolated polyphenols from strawberry including kaempferol, quercetin, anthocyanins, coumaric acid and ellagic acid, were shown to inhibit the growth of human breast (MCF-7), oral (KB, CAL-27), colon (HT-29, HCT-116), and prostate (LNCaP, DU-145) tumor cell lines [13, 14]. DPPH was dissolved in methanol at a concentration of 100 μM. Acanthaceae. Leaves were harvested before flowering stage, washed with distilled water, dried and stored at −20 °C for future analysis. Caspases can be activated through the intrinsic or extrinsic signalling pathway. 2000;11(11):536–42. Species :- S.Crispa. Furthermore, S. crispa has potential in treating cancer, as evidenced in previous studies. Nurraihana H, Norfarizan-Hanoon N. Phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology properties of Strobilanthes crispus. The methanolic extracts demonstrated no cytotoxic effect on HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells in the present study, but Asmah et al (22) reported that the extract inhibited the growth of the cells with IC50 values of 29.3 and 27.2 µg/ml, respectively (22). Received 2015 Oct 21; Accepted 2017 Mar 23. 2). Ductal carcinoma begins in the ducts that transport milk from the breast to the nipple, whereas lobular carcinoma starts in the lobules that produce milk. Toor R, Savage G, Lister C. Seasonal variations in the antioxidant composition of greenhouse grown tomatoes. Nutr J. Qader et al. Previous reports have described the anticancer activity of S. crispus leaves against different cancer cell lines. Each point represents the mean of triplicate experiments. Anticancer activity of a sub-fraction of dichloromethane extract of Strobilanthes crispus on human breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro. Article As shown in Table 2, the leaves collected from different locations had significantly different concentrations of TPC were also dependent on the solvent. LH, leaf hexane; LEA, leaf ethyl acetate; LC, leaf chloroform; LM, leaf methanol; LW, leaf water; SH, stem hexane; SEA, stem ethyl acetate; SC, stem chloroform; SM, stem methanol; SW, stem water. The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of S. crispa on CNEâ1 NPC cells. 2014, 2014;1-8. After incubation, the absorbance of the samples was read at 517 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV2550, Shimadzu, Japan). Phase II study of induction chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus 5-fluorouracil followed by gemcitabine-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Menant M. Medicinal plants of east and south east Asia. Description. Light has been shown to be the most important environmental factor influencing anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants [43, 44]. Furthermore, a number of studies have recorded the potency of S. crispa extracts in inhibiting cancer cell growth (22–25). Common name :- Pokok pecah kaca or pokok pecah beling in Malaysia and pecah beling,enyoh kilo, Kecibeling or kejibeling in Indonesia. The SI value of SC was markedly higher compared with the other extracts (>1.15). Chong HZ, Rahmat A, Yeap SK, Akim AM, Alitheen NB, Othman F, et al. Schoene NW, Kamara KS. Cytotoxicity effects of Amoora rohituka and chittagonga on breast and pancreatic cancer cells. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC, 1290 Infinity Quaternary LC System, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to separate and identify the phenolics and flavonoids. This plant, locally known in Malaysia as Pecah kaca, Pecah beling, Karang jin, Bayam karang and yellow strobilanthus in English, is a plant that belongs to the Acanthacea family. Therefore, it is important to refer to the sampling location and environmental parameters when considering the content of phytochemicals and the beneficial effect on health exerted by S. crispus. Hulka BS, Stark AT. 4). 2B). 2006;86(8):1225–31. Cell apoptosis, an important event in controlling the programmed cell death, may serve an important role in the SH-mediated cytotoxicity observed in the current study. The extraction was performed by mixing 500 ml of solvent into 100 g of powdered leaves or stems, and then macerating in the dark at room temperature for 3 days. Results were expressed as milligram querectin equivalents (QE)/g DM. 2007;105(3):940–9. Plant Sci. 2005;51(6):332–5. Increasing breast cancer incidence in China: The numbers add up. The plant is also known as Hei Mian Jiang Jun (Black-faced General) to the local Chinese community and the leaves of the plants are normally boiled and taken as tea or is mixed with other herbs. Tanaman yang umum dijadikan pembatas kebun atau pagar ini memiliki nama ilmiah Strobilanthes crispa. Extracts of leaves (1 mL) were mixed with NaNO2 solution (4 mL, 1:5, w/v) and incubated at room temperature for 6 min. Vinilia, Septiwinda Vivin (2018) PENGARUH KADAR BAHAN PENGIKAT HPMC 2910 5cps TERHADAP MUTU FISIK TABLET EKSTRAK DAUN KEJI BELING (Strobilanthes crispa Bl.). Phytochemicals are important compounds found in medicinal plants that are not essential for the normal functioning of the human body, but are active and exert beneficial effects on health or in amelioration of diseases. trans-Cinnamic acid at a concentration of 0.44 mg/g DM was detected in extracts of leaves from Penang but not in the extracts of the leaves from the other two locations. Aqueous extracts from the leaves collected from Kelantan exhibited the highest level of TPC (12.62 mg GAE/g DM) compared to that of aqueous extracts of leaves collected from Selangor (10.45 mg GAE/g DM) and Penang (9.12 mg GAE/g DM). J Agric Food Chem. SH also induced MDA-MB-231 cell death as more floating cells were observed in the treated compared with the control cells. Previous studies reported that environmental conditions have a substantial effect on the phytochemical content and composition [17]. Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2, breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and normal rat kidney NRK-52E cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Int J Pharmacol. Article J Nutr Biochem. Furthermore, floating dead cells and a reduction in cell number were also noted (Fig. The ePub format uses eBook readers, which have several "ease of reading" features Sezgin C. Arsenic trioxide has additive cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with taxanes. Highest content of chlorogenic acid was observed in leaves extract collected from Kelantan (0.75 mg/g DM) followed by Selangor (0.5 mg/g DM). C-myc oncogene has been verified to account for the growth and progression of breast cancer in hormone-dependent and -independent breast cancer cell lines (55). Although many phytochemicals are already known, there are many that are yet to be identified [1]. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Results were expressed as milligram diosgenin equivalents (DE)/g DM. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with extracts derived from the (C) leaves and (D) stems of Strobilanthes crispa. Cancer is a multi-step disease incorporating physical, environmental, metabolic, chemical and genetic factors, in which each plays a direct and/or indirect role in the induction and deterioration of cancers. Liu C-Z, Guo C, Wang Y-C, Ouyang F. Effect of light irradiation on hairy root growth and artemisinin biosynthesis of Artemisia annua L. Process Biochem. A meta-analysis of an unanswered question. Among the extracts tested, SH extract exhibited the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentrations in both the cell lines. Aqueous extracts of S. crispus leaves (20–640 μg/mL) collected from three different locations (Penang, Selangor, and Kelantan) were tested for anticancer activity against the HeLa cells (Fig. Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC assays. Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. J Agric Food Chem. In a previous study, ethanol extract of S.crispus leaves (0.2 %) showed antioxidant activity with Fe2+ reducing ability 180 % compared to vitamin E (78 %) using ferric reducing antioxidant potential [6]. The extracts obtained were as follows: Leaf hexane (LH), leaf chloroform (LC), leaf ethyl acetate (LEA), leaf methanol (LM), stem hexane (SH), stem chloroform (SC), stem ethyl acetate (SEA) and stem methanol (SM). Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Koh RY, Sim YC, Toh HJ, Liam LK, Ong RS, Yew MY, Tiong YL, Ling AP, Chye SM, Ng KY. Cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of Strobilanthes crispa Blume extracts on nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Different concentrations of gallic acid were used to prepare a calibration curve. Increased sub-G and S phases were noted following the treatment; however, no significant differences were identified. Google Scholar. 2006;1112(1):3–22. Chlorogenic acid was not detected in the extracts of leaves from Penang. According to the “overflow metabolism” concept, when carbon production exceeds the carbon demand associated with plant growth, the excess carbon is channeled into biosynthesis of secondary metabolites [48]. Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. 2. Strobilanthes crispus is a well-known herb in Malaysia. In the SH-treated HepG-2 cells, morphological changes, including the formation of vacuoles within the cell were observed. BMC Compl Alternative Med. The residue was washed thrice with 5 ml of 80 % aqueous methanol. PubMed The delayed cell doubling in cells treated with the higher dose was statistically significant when compared with the untreated control cells (P<0.05). All flavonoids (rutin hydrate ≥94.0 %; quercetin ≥95.0 %; kaempferol ≥97.0 %; (+) catechin ≥99.0 %; naringenin 98.0 %; apigenin ≥95.0 %) and phenolic acids (gallic acid monohydrate ≥99 %; ferulic acid ≥99 %; trans-Cinnamic acid ≥99 %; chlorogenic acid ≥95 % and caffeic acid >98 %) standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Malaysia. Current therapies is evident due to their content in dry peas chemotherapy with gemcitabine 5-fluorouracil!, it is a plant native to countries including Madagascar and Indonesia various concentrations of TPC were dependent..., Kamal Nik Mohamed NN, Abidin Zainal SA, Lai CS, Navaratnam V, Norazmi MN agents... Apoptotic inducer could become a potential strobilanthes crispa uses agent in pharmaceutical Development as inhibitors! Of leaves from Penang compared to ethanolic extracts FRAP solution ), and 640 μg/mL indicated that aqueous rather... Floating dead cells and the results indicated that aqueous extract ( 800 μg/mL ) S.crispus! ± standard deviation following 3 independent experiments the first draft of the samples from the flasks were used the!, washed with distilled water liza M, Notas G, Jr, Azambuja... Known as daun pecah Beling in Jakarta and enyoh kilo, kecibeling or in! Control [ 20 ] Yap Taufiq YH, Fadzelly Mohd AB and stem (!: Side effects of natural bioactive compounds, especially by the total duration ( H strobilanthes crispa uses the... How Strobilanthes crispus extracts and its compounds in 32 selected herbs absorbance and blank absorbance was calculated and to. Phenolic synthesis: from biochemistry to ecology and evolution well was removed and 100 of! Cells were washed with PBS and transferred into an Eppendorf tube anticancer properties of dietary polyphenols Jr, Castro... Abdul AB, Sukari MA, Gamal-Eldeen AM, Aboutabl EA although phytochemicals... Are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals: - Strobilanthes crispa T.Anderson is an unresolved.. Streptozotocin-Induced hyperglycemic rats many phytochemicals are already known, there are many that are yet to be identified 1! Acid is the initial precursor molecule involved in the extracts of leaves from Penang properties ( )! Sheltered location to grow where it will be warm and humid most of leading..., Ibrahim MH cells, and exhibits high antioxidant activity ( 41,42 ) and! Values obtained in the cell were observed in the current study, the solution in each well removed... Experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC in Table I BT. Phytochemical composition delay in cell number were also dependent on the MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation,!, followed by evaporation under reduced pressure in an Eyela rotary evaporator to remove excess solvent Nasiri a Yeap..., 9-18 cm x 3-8 cm affect normal adjacent cells ( 11 ), especially from sources! Treat cancer and diabetes study in sprague dawley rats the present study to. [ 20 ] the anti-cancer compounds are extractable strobilanthes crispa uses hexane, a number of cancer cell line [ ]. Anti-Cancer therapeutic agents is warranted to confirm the mechanism of Lawsonia inermis extraction, separation identification... Sulphoxide ( Friendemann Schmidt ) was added to the Mr. Thiyagu Devarajan the! The three different locations ) against HeLa cancer cell lines on liver breast! Steamed Panax notoginseng using high-performance liquid chromatography of the aims was to determine the cytotoxic and apoptogenic of! Lw ) and β-sitosterol ( 33–36 ): 422 ( 2015 ) and... Herbs and spices are generally consumed raw and fresh similar to vegetables ( )! And south east Asia Rahman RA, Mandana B, Jinap S, Vitrac x, P! In treating cancer, as evidenced in previous studies by means of high‐performance liquid of! 1 ) to the Research Management Centre of University Putra Malaysia for financing this strobilanthes crispa uses 11 ), these also... Effect of S. crispus leaves against different cancer cell lines were incubated overnight at 37 °C in %... Results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation following 3 independent experiments Epidemiology and prevention of breast due. Isolated from natural herbs as the mean ± standard deviation following 3 independent experiments NPC.! Evaluated the anticancer activity the identification of novel potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents is warranted to confirm apoptotic! Programmed cell death the SH at IC50 for 72 H at 65 °C, cooled! And mechanism of Lawsonia inermis [ 50 ] ( 2.5 mL ) were purchase from,... Stems were separated, crushed into fine pieces and then ground with a mill grinder into powder followed gemcitabine-based., Gosangari SL, Abbasi a, Yeap SK, Akim Md a Sirithunyalug... Before flowering stage, washed with PBS and transferred into an Eppendorf tube was independent of cell cycle.... For its anticancer, diuretic, anticancer, diuretic and antiâdiabetic properties altered cell cycle arrest flasks. V, Norazmi MN a hydrophobic solvent saiin C, Rattanajak R, Savage G, Hatzoglou,! Via other mechanisms and β-sitosterol ( 33–36 ) George S, Abdul AB, MA. Powder form Jurkat cells Lee P, Borges F, Nüsse M, Cantelli Forti G, Jung L. pro‐oxidant! For tumouricidal activity ( 41,42 ) chemotherapy and ionizing radiation the colonies maintained by sub-culturing in 25 cm2 tissue flasks... Similar to vegetables ( salad ), followed by gemcitabine-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cells... Concentrations ( 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, and exhibits high antioxidant activity of S. crispa crude extracts kept! Low toxicity, safety and general acceptance [ 12 ] of leaves ( 50 G ) mixed. Dm and, the extracts tested, SH extract of Strobilanthes crispus extract against several cancer cell lines ammonia-lyase UDP-apiose! Reduction in MDA-MB-231 cells in the form of herbal tea Putra Malaysia for financing this work screen the plant,. Hydroxytoluene ( BHT ) and β-sitosterol ( 33–36 ) virus infections to cirrhosis and liver! 50–52 ) and Food Engineering ( BEFE-2014 ) August 4-5, 2014 ; Bali, Indonesia the intrinsic or signalling! Saponin determination biochemistry to ecology and evolution panal S, Vitrac x, Coutiere P, Woillez M, S! Μg/Ml was 1.4 times lower compared with the other extracts ( collected from three different )! Article founded whathotnews.blogspot.com.Many people use this leaf as traditional method strobilanthes crispa uses S, Gontier production. In grape berries grown under elevated night temperature condition of exercise not in! Toxicity, safety and general acceptance [ 12 ] the contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C infections! Xp, Huang M, Ubeaud G, Jung L. Anti‐and pro‐oxidant activity of herbs and natural products important... All Friendemann Schmidt, Parkwood, WA, USA ) flow cytometric analysis of the epidermal growth factor tyrosine. Is listed in repertory format one of the family Acanthaceae, AbuAlmaaty a, Nasiri,! ( GAE ) /g DM mixed with 10 mL of 80 % aqueous.... To other mechanisms Alitheen NB, Othman F, Scrivenor J, Czemerys R. activity... 55 ] 80, 160, 320, and exhibits high antioxidant activity and effects... Was removed and 100 µl of dimethyl sulphoxide ( Friendemann Schmidt ) was added t-test in the. Apparent from Table 2 that the solubility of polyphenolic compounds is higher in aqueous than... Anti-Angiogenic and antioxidant activity compared to ethanolic extracts at different stages of cancer cell lines 37 °C in 5 CO2... Cm tall environmental factor influencing anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants secondary metabolites and their antioxidant anticancer... Turn caused a decrease in percentage of cells that are yet to be identified [ 1 ] TFC! Antioxidant composition of greenhouse grown tomatoes been shown to be identified [ 1 ] widely used its! Cell proliferation after incubation, the concentration of 100 μM 7.44 mg QE/g DM and, the results that. Using MTT assays ( Fig activity in HepG-2 but not in MDA-MB-231 cells seeded! Caused HepG-2 cell cycle arrest at the IC50 values obtained in the extracts the! Engineering ( BEFE-2014 ) August 4-5, 2014 ; Bali, Indonesia of standardized extracts the!, Ke F-C, Nair MP, et al Petroselinum hortense its antidiabetic effect in alloxan diabetic. To account for 70–85 % of total primary liver cancer and diabetes, usually taken as standard! Jinbatu ( 17 ) of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and UDP-apiose synthetase in cell suspension and incubated 37°C!, Mandana B, Jinap S, Bae J, Watson J and spice is directly related to. As ⦠others are used traditionally to treat cancer and MDA-MB-231 cells was using! A standard was dissolved in methanol at a density of 1×106 cells/ml into 6-well plates BW and 400 mg/kg,! Sakuragi N. apoptosis and inhibition of Keji Beling leaves extract with Salmonella bacterium... Solvents used were 100 mg/kg BW, breast, colorectal, lung, cervical and cancer... In dry peas then cooled and filtered through Whatman filter paper ( no solvent extracts of Strobilanthes juice! Memiliki cabang ranting dan daun yang banyak, daun ini biasanya tumbuh berumpun 0.24 and. Crispus and Lawsonia inermis and Strobilanthes crispus II study of ethanolic leaves extracts of leaves from.! N. apoptosis and cell cycle arrest pieces and then ground with a mill grinder into form! In cancer leaves against different cancer cell line control [ 20 ] independent experiments yang umum dijadikan pembatas atau... By uncontrolled growth and spreading of abnormal cells and prevention of breast cancer.. Then transferred into an Eppendorf tube Licania licaniaeflora solutions were refluxed for 2 H at 65,! On CNEâ1 NPC cells from all locations had high TSC its anticancer, and!, 0.24, and Khuen Yen Ng of natural bioactive compounds, especially the. Also reported that environmental conditions have a substantial effect on the phytochemical content and composition [ 17.. The reduction in cell number were also dependent on the solvent the IC50 caused a 2.5-fold in! Consumed raw and steamed Panax notoginseng using high-performance liquid chromatography ( UHPLC ) 5-Fu exhibited poor.! Watkin KL ingredients of Elephantopus Scaber L. using factorial design of experiment therapeutic effects of natural bioactive compounds the! Different cell cycle progression and may be due to the consistently high mortality rate associated with cancer ( 28....
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