Here are people in nearby counties, but one farms rice one farms wheat and we still found cultural differences., He has since tested his hypothesis in India, which also shows a clear divide in wheat and rice growing regions, with similar results. Working with scientists in China, Talhelm tested more than 1,000 students in various rice- and wheat-growing regions, using measures such as the triad test of holistic thinking. Epictetus, on the other hand, says It is not circumstances themselves that trouble people, but their judgments about those circumstances. These statements are basically similar but only different words used. Westerners and specifically Americans were coming out at the far end of the distributions, says Joseph Henrich at the University of British Columbia, who was one of the studys authors. Whereas the individual will choose to work hard and obtain goals. The school and the children are not the primary focus when considering life. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Similarities between 2011 Western Saharan protests and United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories. discussing to his/her own family, Elderly person's welfare becomes the For example, the dialects. quora/What-are-the-differences-between-the-Western-and-Eastern-societies- (6345) 458 0021; Fax (6345) 458 0021 Local 211nes DHVSU Main Campus, Villa de Bacolor, Pampanga In many cases, the consequences are broadly as you would expect. All that would change in the mid-19th Century. The means and ends of a society cannot be judged in terms of the other, because they are incommensurable., Reincarnation, salvation, prayer, 8 fold path, five pillars, and the five key relationships are all a part of both the Eastern and Western religions. In this same way, Wang Yangming advocates for the supremacy of intuition in moral matters. The Western culture believes that one's future is unknown and that it is determined by God. And therefore, this may go some way into explaining the vast Bureaucracy that is prominent in many easter cultures and countries. While visiting Beijing in the north, he found that strangers would be much more forthcoming If I was eating alone people would come up and talk to me whereas those in the southern city of Guangzhou tended to be more reticent and fearful of offending. Wonhyo would agree with that since he believed that everything was One and all of the experiences a person has in life are just a part of the One Experience of being a human being. Eastern systems often instill moral value in education. Mark, E. (2016, January 17). Almost all the people he questioned are not directly involved in farming, of course but the historical traditions of their regions are still shaping their thinking. Philippines? Wheat farming, by contrast, takes about half the amount of workand depends on rainfall rather than irrigation, meaning that farmers dont need to collaborate with their neighbours and can focus on tending their own crops. The eastern and western philosophy present similar issues when it comes to the idea of the state of being a human being. Although there are an increasing number of consumer products to spend on. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systems_by_country. Its a realty that is hard to avoid. Suppose you are asked to name the two related items in a list of words such as train, bus, track. Fitting in is valued over standing out. Another good example of illustration is the writings by Wonhyo, the Korean philosopher, and Epictetus, the Greek philosopher. Eastern concepts of the ego differ from Western concepts. An example could be that individuals are free to make their own decisions on who to marry and where to marry, such as getting married in a church. Its clear that everyone is trying to improve health for the people. Although there are many challenges in the West, its clear that there is no consensus on consumer unification over history, traditions, and western culture. Western culture in general has a foundation of Christianity; Judaism, Catholicism, Protestant, and Islam in its various forms whereas many cultures in the east have a foundation of Hinduism, Jainism, Shenism, Taoism, Daoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Islam. And it may be more favourable to manage people in a more systemic, organised and less personal way. The Westerners are more open and blunt. Although there are certainly differences between Eastern and Western philosophical systems, they both aim at the same goal of apprehending Truth and understanding the best way to live one's life. Whereas in the west the holidays are a very important part of the employee, employer relationship. The eastern and western philosophy present similar issues when it comes to the idea of the state of being a human being. influential article in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences, our social orientation may have a genetic element, recently profiled the thinking styles of British Bangladeshi families in East London, score higher on measures of individualism, Shinobu Kitayama at the University of Michigan has found, : the more likely you are to get infection, the more collectivist you are. There is no division between eastern or western philosophy when it comes to the most basic questions of what it means to be a human being. Western philosophy focuses on the finding the . in Western and Nisbett points out that Western philosophers emphasised freedom and independence, whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on concepts of unity. close relatives, Elders are considered as a sacred and But perhaps the most surprising theory comes from the farmyard. Although as China changes and becomes more competitive within the global economy, its clear that slowly it is becoming the those with higher technical skills and experience are becoming more valued in organisations. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Results from the TST studies described earlier provide additional support for the role of culture . But this thirst for self-validation also manifests in overconfidence, with many experiments showing that Weird participants are likely to overestimate their abilities. develop as much as they can, Eastern Education, achievement is linked Thank you for your help! Ultimately, I believe a universal way of cognitive thinking will develop not only from Eastern and Western thought processes, but also from other cultures around the, The term ________ is more common in the West, and ________ is more common in the East., "Irrational, depraved (fallen), childlike, [and] different,,4 (40) were words used to describe Orientals. Whether you're backpacking in Vietnam or interning abroad in Beijing, the interface between your own cultural norms and those of your new surroundings can lead to fascinating . Philosophy is a manner of thinking about the most basic questions and problem faced by human beings. And staff expect to be able to relax and rehabilitate during this time. Crucially, our social orientation appears to spill over into more fundamental aspects of reasoning. collaboration with children or other In this same way, Wang Yangming advocates for the supremacy of intuition in moral matters. Various scholars and institutions of higher learning have maintained arbitrary divisions in the eastern and western philosophy. "Similarities Between Eastern & Western Philosophy." Compare the East and West and review concepts including dualism, monism, polytheism, and texts . Mason is the most diverse campus in the country and is the perfect illustration of how when people of different cultures and backgrounds are integrated, you adopt some of those different views, beliefs, thought-processes, and actions just by being exposed to it. I believe that there are positives from both ways of thinking that can be applied to everyday business and life. Proponents Both philosophers are involved in the pursuit of same ideas hence it is necessary to state that there is no philosophy for eastern or western but rather there is only one philosophy. minded and critical, A person is more free and flexible to The term Ancient Chinese Philosophy refers to the belief systems Protagoras of Abdera (l. c. 485-415 BCE) is considered the greatest Aristotle of Stagira (l. 384-322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher who Taoism (also known as Daoism) is a Chinese philosophy attributed Yong Huang: A Neo-Confucian Conception of Wisdom: Wang Yangming on the Innate Moral Knowledge, Similarities Between Eastern & Western Philosophy, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. License. creativity and allows individuals to Its the one with the most social credit. points out that whenever we seek to understand an Eastern concept, a comparison with a concept we are . Tropical forests play a critical role in the hydrological cycle and can influence local and regional precipitation 1. Let's consider our earlier scenario and the congratulations offered by a . Rather than breaking down ideas and concepts into categories, Eastern Philosophy prefered to generalize the ideas and show how they ll reflect the same truths. The recognition of hunger is an innate human quality which does not need to be taught, and Wang says the same is true of morality. Further, such distinctions distort one's perception of history in that, once people accept a fundamental difference between East and West, they may tend to view the history of respective cultures as radically different from each other. The similarities between eastern and western philosophy are greater than any differences cited by modern-day writers and lecturers on the topic. Persistence in the west also exists but perhaps more on a personal level. Ethics is a branch of philosophy, also known as moral philosophy. Emily Mark studied history and philosophy at Tianjin University, China and English at SUNY New Paltz, NY. This article is the first part ofThe Human Planet, a new series in which BBC Future uses cutting-edge science to explore our extraordinary diversity. The similarities between eastern and western philosophy are greater than any differences cited by modern-day writers and lecturers on the topic. Western perspectives about self are inherently dualistic. Her travel writing debuts in Timeless Travels Magazine. Hokkaidos story is just one of a growing number of case studies exploring how our social environment moulds our minds. The infant cries to let an adult know that it must be fed, and the child verbalizes that same need in words or deeds, such as saying, "I am hungry," or going to get something to eat. I. Evidence for this is legion. Close relationships play a big part in the fabric of Chinese society and can be the difference between going up or down the ladder and even out of the group. We will write a custom Essay on Western and Eastern Conceptions of Self and Socialization specifically for you. There are in fact many ideas that are evolving around western civilization such as form of governments, methods of scientific inquiry, religions, and languages just to name a few. Wangs and Platos philosophies have been attacked by empiricists for a lack of evidence, but what these two philosophers are contending makes sense on a very basic level: one must know what is good in order to pursue what is good, and this knowledge of the good must be innate in order for people to have the desire to pursue it in the first place. Western children are much more independent than their eastern counterparts. That is, the idea . And there is a growing evolution in Southeast Asia of Tech hubs and innovation www.collectivecampus.io. Yet the small number of available studies which had examined people from other cultures would suggest that this is far from the case. As Hussain points out, there are many historic connections between Eastern and Western countries that will mean that some people straddle both ways of thinking, and factors like age and class will also have an effect. Two cultures could develop in the same climate, have the same crops, and yet be different. Nisbett points out that Western philosophers emphasised freedom and independence, whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on concepts of unity. This may also have something to do with stages of economic development. Wang and Plato both agree that what prevents a person from acting on what they know is selfish desires which confuse people and make them choose to act badly even when they know they should not. Individual self has Its dependence on other self. Western culture. The works of both these men deal with what is good and what is the right way to understand ones existence. While Plato is quite well known in the west, Wang Yangming is less so, even though he is as famous as Plato inChina,Korea, andJapan. An example given by academic scholars is howConfucius analects deal with both the inner and outer life of a person (holistic) whileAristotles works emphasize how one should conduct ones self to live well among others (fragmentary). This has actually come to the attention of the government who have recently began restricting weekend training schools for this reason www.dw.com. for only $11.00 $9.35/page. Here, there are only two fundamental choices: either the individual comes before the collective, or the collective comes before the individual. 2.Interdependence and. Mo-Ti, some claim, aims at a holistic understanding of ones self and ones surroundings while a western philosopher likePlatoemphasizes specific goals one should strive for in discovering what is true and real in life. The similarities between eastern and western philosophy are greater than any differences cited by modern-day writers and lecturers on the topic. Wonhyo would agree with that since he believed that everything was One and all of the experiences a person has in life are just a part of the One Experience of being a human being. Western Eastern More liberal, allows people to be open minded and critical. In fact, human beings are essentially the same the world over, only the details and customs differ, and the philosophies of eastern and western thinkers make this quite clear. Book and brain for in western concept they made use of reasons rather than faith, knowledge and consciousness as basis to identify oneself. Cite your sources. a single conceot. Theres some inertia in the culture.. trans. The popular writer Sankara Saranam, author of the book God Without Religion, is one example of this when he claims that eastern philosophy is concerned with general knowledge while western philosophy aims at specific knowledge. Further, they argue, humans must recognize what is not good in order to reject it, and therefore do not need to be taught goodness but only be directed or educated to act on their innate knowledge of the good. Whereas in Western companies it could be said that the individual performance of staff can determine their standing in the company and the group. Another (counterintuitive) idea is that the contrasting mind-sets are an evolved response to germs. own history, religion, political system, beliefs and culture. The popular writer Sankara Saranam, author of the book God Without Religion . (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. By the new millennium, it numbered nearly six million. Write top five (5) differences between Western and Eastern society, culture, and When questioned about their attitudes and behaviours, people in more individualistic, Western societies tend to value personal success over group achievement, which in turn is also associated with the need for greater self-esteem and the pursuit of personal happiness. Latests Interviews David Shoemaker on doing business in China David has lived and worked in Asia and China for over a decade setting up and, This blog interview covers living in China in 2022 and the effects of Covid in China for expats. The knowledge of good must, therefore, be innate for human beings to develop the desire of following it in the first place. Self-effacement reflects cultural norms and in some collectivist cultures, such as in China and Japan, consider modesty a virtue. It does this in several ways and some of which are to wanting to look unproductive and wanting to take an active role in leading the group to be more productive. The infant cries to let an adult know that it must be fed, and the child verbalizes that same need in words or deeds, such as saying, I am hungry, or going to get something to eat. The holistic, collectivist views of Eastern society explain why Easterners are not as direct when communicating, leaving more open space to interpretation. People living in individualistic societies may also put more emphasis on personal choice and freedom. The differences between the concepts of Wang and Plato are only cosmetic and linguistic. His mentor, Socrates (the main character in Phaedrus, as in the majority of Plato's works) asks this question of his comrade Phaedrus regarding the quality of writing. This was true even at the borders between different regions. In fact, human beings are essentially the same the world over, only the details and customs differ, and the philosophies of eastern and western thinkers make this quite clear. Generally western children are left to do what they want. A similarity between east vs west cultural is that they both put a focus on innovation to keep economies thriving and competitive in the global marketplace. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. And it is very common for staff to have to work during a holiday or to shift weekends around, in order to make up for a national holiday taken mid-week. In both east vs west one of the similarities are the health systems. Answer (1 of 12): That's such a broad topic books could (and have been) written on it, so I'll be brief, and let you research beyond the clues I provide. What would you say? Many employees in the East are expected to do overtime and get company things done, before any personal break is given. Not only does the evid. They further discuss that lasting rewards come to one who considers virtue before possessions of the world. Members are more interested in winning or competition within the team building exercise and it comes with a sense of individual gain in general. Book and brain for in western concept they made use of reasons rather than faith, knowledge consciousness. Trouble people, but their judgments about those circumstances favourable to manage people a! Our minds custom Essay on western and eastern Conceptions of Self and Socialization specifically for.. I believe that there are an increasing number of case studies exploring how our orientation! The eastern and western philosophy present similar issues when it comes to the idea of the of. This has actually come to the idea of the government who have recently began restricting training. 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